Five additional studies were identified from the reference lists. Results: 376 studies were identified, of which 40 were eligible for inclusion. The following exclusion criteria were then applied, participants with developmental disorders or subjected to nutritional supplementation, studies which used modified methods of G&P or TW3 and/or used other imaging modalities, full text not available within the resources available to the reviewer, full text not in English and review articles.
The full text was retrieved when the reviewer could not decide on the studys eligibility from the title and abstract alone. Each studys title and abstract were screened. Method: A systematic search of the Medline database was conducted to include studies published between 1st January 1959 and 1st May 2016 (keywords Greulich Pyle Greulich and Pyle) and 1st January 2001 and 1st May 2016 (keywords Tanner Whitehouse TW3).
Objectives: To have a better understanding of the applicability of the Greulich and Pyle and Tanner Whitehouse methods of bone age estimation in children who are of a different ethnicity from those of the original standards.
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